![]() Global rates range from 5 to 10% in adults, 20 to 30% in children and the elderly, and up to 50% in specific populations and settings, with varying severity of disease. It is nearly impossible to predict a widespread outbreak.” ![]() The virus strains change every year, cross-protection engendered by infection or vaccination is low, making it difficult to prepare and stockpile the vaccine in advance. Additionally, it incurs a high cost of healthcare- the total impact of an influenza epidemic (total estimated direct and indirect costs) in industrialised countries may reach 56.7 million € per million people3. 4 Influenza has a high incidence of infection and transmission, and particularly debilitating to children and the elderly. Vaccination is the most effective single public health intervention able to dramatically reduce the impact of seasonal influenza. One estimate looking at excess deaths attributed to influenza found that, in milder influenza seasons, there were around 8 deaths per 100,000 population, while in more severe but non-pandemic years, the figure would be 44 per 100,000 3. “Vaccines have saved hundreds of millions of lives over the last century, and influenza has an important place in preventive health care programs. At the same time, there is a constant threat of newly emerging highly virulent pandemic strains. IAV infections remain a serious burden for human health during seasonal outbreaks. They are further classified based on the subtype of one of the 2 viral surface glycoproteins, the hemagglutinin (H) and the neuraminidase (N). Of these, type A, and to a lesser extent type B, are clinically important to humans. Based on host tropism and severity of disease, influenza viruses are classified into types A, B, and C. Influenza A virus (IAV) is an Orthomyxovirus carrying a segmented, single-stranded RNA genome. Find out how to report a problem or side effect. Your report helps us learn more about unknown side effects. If you experience an unexpected side effect from the flu vaccine, you should: We regulate all flu vaccines for use in Australia under the Therapeutic Goods Act 1989. This includes assessing each batch of vaccine for its: We test vaccines before we approve them for release into Australia. The data we get about a vaccine supports the vaccine’s:Įfficacy means that a product does what it claims to do. We evaluate this data to ensure the benefits outweigh the risks. To enter a vaccine into the ARTG, manufacturers or sponsors must provide data to us about the vaccine. This also applies to imported and exported flu vaccines. We regulate all flu vaccines for use in Australia. They must be entered in the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (ARTG) before they can be supplied in Australia. Read about the Influenza vaccine: Influenza vaccine: the annual Southern Hemisphere influenza vaccine production and the regulatory approval timeline.
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